It is the most ancient event  (historical, astronomical, or otherwise) that we are confident of its timing to within a margin of one day. We know the dates of eclipses precisely going back hundreds of thousands of years. So we should ask what is the earliest recorded event that we can date. List of solar eclipses in antiquity - Wikipedia

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June 24, 1312 BC, 10:44, total, duration 04m33s, in Anatolia

Mursili's eclipse. The solar eclipse mentioned in a text dating to the reign of Mursili II could be of great importance for the absolute chronology of the Hittite Empire.

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Hence 24TH June 0f 1312 BC is the first recorded date in the world history with an evidential format.